Abstract
SummaryBackgroundThe aim was to evaluate the association of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP or Gc-globin) gene polymorphism with oxidant-antioxidant profiles in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and their role as biomarker risk factors in susceptibility and severity of COPD.MethodsEighty patients diagnosed with COPD (mild, moderate and severe according to lung function tests; FEV 1%) and 80 healthy controls were included in the study. Serum nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxide (LP), plasma reduced glutathione (RGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) activity, 25-OHD and VDBP polymorphism were analyzed in all subjects.ResultsCOPD patients had significantly decreased serum NO, plasma SOD, RGSH, GSH-Px, CAT and 25-OHD versus controls, but had significantly increased serum LP. In COPD patients, 25-OHD levels were significantly lower (41.49± 13.65 ng/mL) versus controls, but more lower in severe COPD patients (30.54±9.09 ng/mL; sensitivity 79.2%; spe - cificity 73.2%, p<0.001) versus mild and moderate COPD. VDBP genotypes frequencies were Gc1S-1S=23.8%, Gc1F-1S=28.8%, Gc1F-1F=15%, Gc1S-2=20%, Gc1F-2=11.3% and Gc2-2=1.3%. Also, VDBP variants frequencies were Gc1S=48.1%, Gc1F=35% and Gc2=16.6%. How ever, Gc1F-1S genotypes and Gc1F variants were significantly higher than in controls (10%, 12.5%; p=0.009, p=0.001, respectively). Moreover, in severe COPD patients, Gc1F-1S genotype was significantly higher than in mild COPD (41.7% vs 31.3%, p=0.04).ConclusionCOPD patients had significantly lower plasma 25-OHD and were associated with significantly higher VDBP Gc1F-1S genotypes and Gc1F variants frequencies than controls. Low vitamin D levels and VDBP polymorphism may be important as diagnostic risk factors in the susceptibility to and severity of COPD.
Highlights
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease associated with significant and progressive irreversible airflow obstruction [1]
COPD patients were classified according to lung function tests as mild (n=16), moderate (n=40) and severe (n=24)
In severe COPD patients, Gc1F-1S genotype was significantly higher than in mild COPD (41.7% vs 31.3%, p=0.04) (Table V)
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease associated with significant and progressive irreversible airflow obstruction [1]. COPD patients become more susceptible to exacerbations induced by respiratory bacterial and viral infections [2]. COPD is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality, and the World Health Organization predicts that COPD will become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020 [1]. Chronic tobacco smoking is the major risk factor for COPD [3]. Only 15–20% of heavy smokers develop symptomatic COPD [4]. Cigarette smoking is the major source of oxidants/reactive oxygen species (ROS) to the lungs that can lead to extensive tissue damage and disease exacerbation susceptibility [2,3,4]
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