Abstract
Introduction: Anatomical and non-anatomical factors are implicated in repetitive collapse of upper airway (UA) in OSA patients. Aims: To study the anthropometry (static & dynamic) of UA in patients of OSA by US & assess the relation between UA anatomy and severity of OSA. Methods: 30 each of OSA patients, overweight non-OSA persons & healthy individuals with normal BMI, after their polysomnography underwent US measurements of tongue thickness(TT), upper airway length (UAL), lateral pharyngeal wall thickness (LPW) and oropharynx [retropalatal (RP) & retroglossal (RG) levels]. Oropharynx was measured on tidal expiration, forced inspiration and Mueller maneuver (MM) & % shortening of RP & RG diameters at both forced inspiration and MM to tidal expiration were calculated. Correlations of all the US parameters with PSG findings were analyzed. Results: US parameters were significantly different between groups. In OSA patients the dynamic measurements of oropharynx correlated significantly with AHI (all p values .05). Pearson correlations for RP Forced inspiration, RP MM, RP % change-inspiration, RP % change- MM, RG Forced inspiration, RG MM, RG % change-inspiration & RG % change- MM were -0.551, -0.619, 0.563, 0.549, -.383, -.427, 0.409 & 0.413 respectively. Only TT and dynamic RP measurements correlated significantly with oxygen desaturation index (p values Conclusions: In OSA significant alteration of anthropometry of upper airway occurs and is associated with severity of OSA which can be identified by US.
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