Abstract
Abstract Coagulation of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) and polytitanium tetrachloride (PTC) was studied at various conditions in treating wastewater that contained phosphorus (P). Jar-test experiments were performed at various chemical doses (0.02–0.49 mM), alkalinities (50 ≤ AT ≤ 150 mg CaCO3/L of NaHCO3), pH levels (3.0–8.5), and OH/Ti ratio (0.3 ≤ B ≤ 3.0) to determine the conditions at which P (2 mg/L) removal was most efficient. The TiCl4 concentration ([TiCl4]) required to achieve 98–99% P removal was 0.25 mM at 50 mg CaCO3/L, 0.31 mM at 100 mg CaCO3/L, and 0.49 mM at 150 mg CaCO3/L. Response surface analysis predicted that P removal would reach 100% at controlled pH = 3.5 with minimum [TiCl4] = 0.21 mM. PTC removed P most effectively at B = 0.3, and the optimal dose at B = 0.3 was 0.27 mM. Laboratory results and a pilot experiment will help to optimize use of Ti-based coagulants to remediate wastewater that contains P.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.