Evaluation of the Wright 1902 Glider Using Full-Scale Wind-Tunnel Data

Abstract

A reproduction of the Wright 1901 Glider, built by The Wright Experience TM in Warrenton, Virginia, was wind tunnel tested at the Langley Full Scale Tunnel through a range of conditions similar to what was experienced 100 years ago. The testing included a range of dynamic pressures that encompassed the stall and maximum gliding speeds, angles of attack up to 20 ∘ , and sideslip angles of up to 15 ∘ . The results of the test were used to determine not only lift, drag and moment coefficients, but also control power from the actuation of the canard and wing warping controls. A glide ratio measurement of 3.9:1 was recorded and compared to the observations of the Wrights. Simulations of longitudinal and lateral dynamics showed that the aircraft was controllable, although adverse yaw from wing warping caused the aircraft to turn opposite of the commanded roll. Longitudinal stability was found to be a function of angle of attack and the condition of the wing covering, resulting in static margins that varied greatly.