Abstract
The main goal of the treatment of the peri-implantitis is to decontaminate the surface of the implant, thereby enabling further treatment involving, e.g., guided bone regeneration. Since new implants of the rougher surface were introduced to the common dental practice, decontamination is even more difficult. The aim of the study was to evaluate 3 different methods of decontaminating implants with 3 different surfaces. A total of 30 dental implants with 3 different surface types (machined, sandblasted, and acid-etched (SLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated) were used in the study. Each group of implants was coated with Escherichia coli biofilm and cultivated. Afterwards, the implants were transferred to the jaw model and treated with a different method: sonic scaler mechanical debridement with a Woodpecker PT5 sonic scaler (1st group), and mechanical debridement with sonic scaler and with the combination with chemical agent Perisolv® (2nd group), and with Er:YAG laser treatment (3rd group). Each implant was treated with the specific method and sent for further microbiological evaluation. The highest level of decontamination was achieved for machined-surface implants and the lowest for HA-coated implants. The method with the highest biofilm reduction was the scaler and Perisolv® group. The highest level of decontamination of HA-coated implants were achieved for Er:YAG laser irradiation method. In the following paper, the superiority of combined chemical-mechanical method of decontaminating the surface of the implant on SLA and machined-surface implants was proved. On the contrary, Er:YAG laser irradiation was reported as the best option for decontamination of the HA-coated implants. In our opinion, it is a significant finding, revealing that the method of peri-implantitis management should be considered in accordance to the type of the surface of the implant (customized to the surface of the implant).
Highlights
With the increasing number of patients treated with dental implants, a corresponding number of post-treatment complications can be expected
Er:YAG laser irradiation was reported as the best option for decontamination of the HA-coated implants
It is a significant finding, revealing that the method of peri-implantitis management should be considered in accordance to the type of the surface of the implant
Summary
With the increasing number of patients treated with dental implants, a corresponding number of post-treatment complications can be expected. The most common complication in dental implant therapy is peri-implantitis.[1]. It is defined as an inflammatory reaction that affects the hard and soft tissue, which results in the loss of supporting bone and gingival pocket formation surrounding the functioning osseointegrated implant.[2]. This pathological condition is caused by a polymicrobial aggressive biofilm that colonizes the implant and abutment surface at the peri-implant crevice level. Anaerobic Gram-negative organisms are most commonly found in peri-implantitis-affected sites and include in among others: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Peptostreptococcus micros, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium spp., and Prevotella intermedia, there are studies reporting the role of enteric rods (mostly Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloace) in this pathology, especially at its early stage.[4,5]. Since new implants of the rougher surface were introduced to the common dental practice, decontamination is even more difficult
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