Evaluation of the survival of implant placement simultaneously with sinus augmentation: relationship in maxillary sinus pathologies

Abstract

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of existing maxillary sinus pathologies on the survival rates of dental implants placed simultaneously with sinus augmentation. Cone-beam computed tomography images of 88 patients (34 females, 54 males), who underwent sinus augmentation, were retrospectively analyzed and the patients were divided into two groups: with (pathology group) and without pathology (control group). All maxillary sinus pathologies were recorded and categorized into mucosal thickening ( ≥ 3mm), antral pseudocyst (polypoid mucosal thickening), and complete opacification. Implant survival rates were evaluated after a mean follow-up period of 28.2 ± 9.8months based on the patient's records and control radiographs. A total of 115 maxillary sinuses of 88 patients with 168 dental implants were included in the study. Maxillary sinus pathology was detected in 45 patients in the pathology group and 43 patients in the control group. In the pathology group, one implant was lost out of 82 implants during the 27.8 ± 9.5months follow-up period, while in the control group, 5 implants were lost out of 86 implants during the 25.1 ± 10months follow-up period. There was no statistically significant difference in the survival rates between the two groups. The study concluded that the presence of pathology in the maxillary sinus before surgery does not affect the survival rates of dental implants placed simultaneously with sinus augmentation. The most common pathology noted included mucosal thickening (61.4%), which was detected in 35 patients.