Abstract
Introduction: The objective was to explore the impact of root canal instrumentation on the surface nanoscale characteristics of M-wire (ProTaper Next®[PTN]) and R-phase (twisted file [TF]) nickel–titanium (NiTi) instruments. Materials and Methods: Endodontic cleaning and shaping was performed on the curved canals of the mesial roots of mandibular extracted molars (n = 32). Canal curvatures ranged from 20° to 30° according to the Schneider method. PTN and TF NiTi instruments were used for this purpose. The surface parameters of NiTi instruments were evaluated before and after the root canal instrumentation using a Dektak three-dimensional nanoscale surface profiler. An analysis of variance and Student's t-test were used to determine the significance of various parameters of the NiTi instruments before and after the root canal instrumentation. The statistical significance level was set at P Results: There were no significant differences in the root mean square roughness (Sq), average roughness value (Sa), and peak to valley height (Sz) in flutes between the instruments (P > 0.05) or in the Sq in blade location. However, the Sa and Sz in blade location were significantly greater for TF than PTN. The TF instruments had greater surface roughness than PTN. The PTN instruments exhibited minor surface cracks, while TF instruments exhibited cracks and microcavities. Conclusion: Endodontic instrumentation altered the surface characteristics; the surface distortion was significantly greater for the TF instruments than the PTN instruments.
Published Version
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