Abstract
Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface hardness of six composite resins: Revolution, Natural Flow, Fill Magic Flow, Flow-it! (flowables), Silux Plus (microfilled) and Z100 (minifilled) before and after polishing at different times.Materials and Methods:For this purpose, 240 specimens (5mm diameter, 1.4mm high) were prepared. Vickers hardness was determined before and after polishing at different times: immediately, 24h, 7 and 21 days after preparation of the samples. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey test.Results:There was no difference in the hardness of flowable resins, which had lower hardness than the minifilled resin. The minifilled resin showed the highest surface hardness as compared to the other materials (p<0.01). All materials exhibited higher hardness after polishing, being more evident after 7 days.Conclusion:It may be concluded that, regardless of the composite resin, surface hardness was considerably increased when polishing was delayed and performed 1 week after preparation of the samples.
Highlights
After shaping and polymerization, the surface of a dental composite restoration will normally remain rough[28]
Surface roughness allows plaque accumulation[29], which may result in gingival inflammation, superficial staining and secondary caries
For the factor composite resins, it can be observed that, the flowable composite resins yielded the lowest means, no statistically significant difference was observed among the different trademarks
Summary
The surface of a dental composite restoration will normally remain rough[28]. Surface roughness allows plaque accumulation[29], which may result in gingival inflammation, superficial staining and secondary caries. Proper surface finishing and polishing are critical clinic procedures, which enhance esthetics and longevity of restorations. Polishing reduces roughness and scratches created by finishing instruments[30]. The esthetic restorative materials that are lightcured against a matrix strip are not devoid of imperfections, they present the smoothest surface that is possible to achieve[1,24]. Previous studies[10,24] showed that hardness values for the celluloid strip-finished composites were lower than those of polished surfaces, probably due to the accumulation of organic matrix on the surface
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