Abstract
Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology was developed to ensure the sufficient strength of tooth restorations, to improve esthetic restorations with a natural appearance and to make the techniques easier, faster and more accurate. In the view of the limited research on the surface treatments of the CAD/CAM materials and the need to evaluate the ideal surface characteristics of a material to achieve the best adhesion to tooth tissues, this study aimed to investigate the surface roughness and morphology of four different CAD/CAM materials using four different surface treatments. The CAD/CAM materials used in this study were three composites (Shofu Block HC, Lava Ultimate and Brilliant Crios) and a hybrid ceramic (Enamic). The surface of the specimens of each material received one of the following treatments: no surface treatment, sandblasting with 29 μm Al2O3 particles, 9% hydrofluoric acid etching and silane application, and the tribochemical method using CoJet System. Surface roughness was evaluated using optical profilometry, and surface morphology was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy. All surface treatments resulted in higher surface roughness values compared to the control group. Different treatments affected the surface properties of the materials, presumably due to discrepancies in their composition and structure.
Highlights
Digital dentistry has been recently introduced and has become a new challenge for dental practitioners
In view of the limited research on the surface treatments of the Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composite blocks and the need to evaluate the ideal surface characteristics of the material to achieve the best adhesion to tooth tissues, this study aimed to investigate the surface roughness and morphology of four different CAD/CAM blocks using four different surface treatments
Material in surface roughness and morphology; the second null hypothesis was that there were no differences in the same surface characteristics among the CAD/CAM materials treated with the same method
Summary
Digital dentistry has been recently introduced and has become a new challenge for dental practitioners. Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology is broadly used in daily dental practice due to its advantages such as its speed, ease of use, and quality of therapy [1]. This technology can be used in both the dental laboratory and the dental office with multiple applications which include the fabrication of indirect restorations (inlays, onlays, veneers and crowns), fixed partial dentures, implant abutments, full-mouth reconstruction and orthodontics [1,2]. The quality of CAD/CAM restorations is high because measurements and fabrication are precise due to the applied digital technology [4]. There are some disadvantages of CAD/CAM technology; most important among these are the initial cost of the equipment and software, and the need to spend time and money on training [2]
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