Abstract
The results of long-term bioindication studies aimed to evaluate the state of the silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) in Yoshkar-Ola under different anthropogenic load conditions are presented. An increase in the morphometric indices of the shoot system and leaf lamina area under anthropogenic load was observed. The fluctuating asymmetry (FA) index of B. pendula leaves growing on short shoots did not depend on the ontogenetic state of the tree, while in the case of leaves collected from long shoots, such a dependence was revealed. The most informative morphometric parameters of B. pendula indicating the state of the environment included the FA index of leaves growing on short shoots and the damaged leaf area.
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