Evaluation of The Stability and In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Partially Purified Bromelain Nanoemulsion

Abstract

Bromelain is an enzyme belonging to cysteine protease. It is known for topical use as debridement for inflammation treatment. Nanoemulsion of bromelain (NEB) aims to solve this problem and also improve its stability. NEB was made by high emulsification method using homogenizer and sonicator. Nanoemulsion physicochemical stabilities were evaluated. The bromelain as an active compound was isolated from the core of pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr) which was purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation and then dialysis followed. Nanoemulsion formula 2 was found to be the most suitable formula for encapsulating bromelain with good physicochemical stability after 30 days of storage. This formula showed clear visual appearance with globule diameter of 37.42 nm with polydispersity index of 0.40. The result showed that the fraction of bromelain obtained from each purification step showed an increase in specific activity. The specific activities of fractionation using 20-50% ammonium sulphate and dialysis were 152.05 and 266.58 U/mg, respectively. The purest bromelain fraction was encapsulated into nanoemulsion formula 2. The bromelain fraction’s anti-inflammatory activity was tested based on HRBC membrane stabilization method. The result showed that bromelain dialysis fraction shows the ability as anti-inflammatory agent with stability percentage of 79.76%.