Evaluation of the sealer/gutta-percha ratio on sets of root section surfaces of some extracted teeth sealed using the cold lateral condensation technique.

Ioana Suciu,Monica Voiculeanu,Mihaela Grigorie,Bogdan Dimitriu,Sînziana Adina Scărlătescu ,Cristina Teodora Preoteasa ,Oana Elena Amza ,Mihai Ciocârdel ,Mihaela Chirilă

doi:10.25122/jml-2021-0102

Abstract

Canal filling must be well adapted to the walls of the root canal to prevent bacterial infiltration. Endodontic seals play an essential role in ensuring tightness, without which the canal filling would suffer infiltrations. This study aimed to evaluate the areas occupied by the two components of the canal filling, as well as the sealer/gutta-percha ratio in the root canals of the maxillary central incisors after their filling using the cold lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha. Thirty extracted upper central incisors were rotatably prepared with ProTaper Universal up to F3 and sealed using the cold lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha. After setting the sealer, the roots of the teeth were sectioned perpendicularly to 1 (L1), 3 (L3), 6 (L6), and 8 (L8) mm from the apex. The surface of the sections was analyzed with a Leica EZ4D stereomicroscope and photographed at two magnification orders: 10x and 25x. The areas corresponding to the gutta-percha, sealer, gaps, and root canal were expressed in pixels using the ImageJ software, version 1.50i. The difference in the representation of sealer areas, gutta-percha and voids was statistically significantly different for all four sections analyzed. The best adaptation of the canal obturation was observed in L1 and L3. The gutta-percha area was statistically significantly higher than that of the sealer for the L1, L3, and L6 levels, while the sealer/gutta-percha ratio recorded the lowest value at the L3 level (0, 30) and the highest at its L8 (0.70) level, without registering statistically significant differences regarding the area at the four analyzed levels. The voids were mostly absent or recorded a minimal percentage area (<1%). Cold lateral condensation of gutta-percha has led to a good adaptation of gutta-percha to the root canal wall, with a small amount of sealer, especially to the sections made at 3 mm from the apex. Given the limitations of this study, we noted that the voids were few – observed in the 6 and 8 mm sections – and were negligible in many cases.

Highlights

A good canal filling must prevent the infiltration of bacteria and their degradation products along the root canal, up to the apical region
There are various methods to achieve the sealing of the root canals, from lateral condensation and single cones to thermoplastic techniques
We aimed to evaluate the surfaces occupied by the two components of the root canal filling and the sealer/gutta-percha ratio in the root canals after their filling using the cold lateral condensation of the gutta-percha

Summary

Introduction

A good canal filling must prevent the infiltration of bacteria and their degradation products along the root canal, up to the apical region. The root canal should be filled mainly with a non-resorbable material such as gutta-percha, along with a small amount of resorbable material such as a sealer. Endodontic sealants play an important role in preventing infiltration of canal fillings [1, 2]. The sealer should be present as small as possible and be located between the dentinal root surface and the main non-absorbable core material due to the inability of the latter to fill all surfaces and irregularities of the root canal. Infiltrations of the root canals may be due to the solubilization of the sealers over time, so keeping the sealer in a thin layer around a solid mass of gutta-percha is always preferable [3]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion