Abstract
This study evaluated the bioindication and phytoremediation capacity of the aquatic macrophyte Sagittaria montevidensis by using it to assess the bioconcentration and translocation of heavy metals. A simple sampling was conducted at four sites in the region of Pelotas, southern Brazil, where plants, water and sediments were collected. The plants were subjected to nitric-perchloric acid digestion and the sediments underwent pseudo-total acid digestion. The determination of the elements Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the extracts was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Physicochemical tests were also carried out on water samples, including pH, electrical conductivity, chlorides, alkalinity, hardness and organic matter, and in sediment samples, moisture and organic matter content. The macrophyte study indicated a Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) and a Translocation Factor (TF), especially for Ni. The results showed that the aquatic macrophyte species S. montevidensis has a phytoextraction capacity, mainly for Ni, and potentially for bioindication of Cu, Ni and Zn.
Highlights
Population growth and lack of urban planning can create disruptions that negatively impact the environment and result in damage to human health (Brasil, 2006)
This study evaluated the aquatic macrophyte S. montevidensis as a trace for metal bioaccumulation potential (Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) in contaminated areas and evaluated the storage capacity for these elements in the selected species, discussing their potential for use in phytoremediation and bioindication
It is observed that the conductance values are associated with chloride level and the presence of calcium and magnesium salts
Summary
Population growth and lack of urban planning can create disruptions that negatively impact the environment and result in damage to human health (Brasil, 2006). Heavy metals may be derived from natural sources or from human activities These metals may migrate to uncontaminated areas by bleaching through the soil or by the propagation of sewage sludge (Ali et al, 2013; Tangahu et al, 2011). Aquatic macrophytes are more suitable for the treatment of sewage rather than land plants because they have a fast-growing, large biomass production and high capacity for absorbing pollutants. This type of vegetation purifies more efficiently when it is in direct contact with contaminated water (Ali et al, 2013). These plants have a great potential for the removal or reduction of water pollutants, including heavy metals, phosphorus and nitrogen
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