Evaluation of the role of Shodhana (Purification) process in Croton tiglium seeds for reduction of toxic content

Ajay Kumar Meena,Srikanth N,Murali Krishna C,Poorna Venkataraman,Ravindra Singh,Kusuma Ganji

doi:10.47552/ijam.v12i3.2089

Abstract

In Ayurvedic texts, Jayapala or croton tiglium seeds are well known as khumbini for its toxicity (severe purgative action) and are used for the treatment of constipation after shodhana (detoxification) of the seed with godugdha (cow milk). The oil content of the seeds was responsible for the purgative property, and its reduction enhances its medicinal usage. The presence of Crotonoside or iso-guanosine in seed extract was identified in HPTLC and quantified using high pressure liquid chromatography technique both before and after the purification process of the seed. The phytochemicals and physicochemical parameters of seeds were analyzed to find the level of changes in the processed seeds. The other chemical constituents of the seed extracts are studied using different techniques like HPTLC, HPLC, LC-MS, and GC-MS. The study has revealed that the detoxification process, as per classical texts, has shown an effective depletion in the quantity of crotonoside in processed seeds.

Highlights

Croton tiglium L. (Euphorbiaceae) is an important medicinal plant which is commonly known as Jayapala, or Croton oil plant
The percentage of water-soluble extractive, alcohol soluble extractive, and loss on drying at 105°C were found to increase ash content, acid-insoluble ash, and pH value reduced in the shodhit as compare to ashodhit Croton tiglium seeds sample
The results obtained from HPLC analysis revealed that the depletion in the level of crotonoside in ethanol and chloroform extracts after the shodhana process of Croton tiglium seeds compared to unprocessed seeds

Summary

Introduction

Croton tiglium L. (Euphorbiaceae) is an important medicinal plant which is commonly known as Jayapala, or Croton oil plant. (Euphorbiaceae) is an important medicinal plant which is commonly known as Jayapala, or Croton oil plant. It is an erect, evergreen shrub/small tree growing up to 7 meters tall and has been grown for these uses for beyond 2,000 years. The toxic principles are a group of proteins called 'crotin', about 3.5% croton resin ('crotonol'), a glucoside called crotonoside (iso-guanosine), and a non-volatile unsaturated fatty acid responsible for the purgative properties. The plant is known as Kumbhinī in Ayurvedic texts and is used to treat constipation after Śhodhana (detoxification process) with Godugdha (cow milk) of the seeds. Croton tiglium seeds were purified with cow milk as reported in Ayurvedic classics. Ajay Kumar Meena et al, Evaluation of the role of Shodhana (Purification) process in Croton tiglium seeds

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion

Conclusion