Evaluation of the Role of Hs-Troponin among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a life-threatening medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and management. Traditional cardiac Troponin I has been the gold standard for the diagnosis of ACS, but the development of high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin assays, such as Hs-Troponin, has shown promise in improving the accuracy of diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the role of Hs-Troponin among patients with ACS in a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh. Additionally, the study seeks to identify the prevalence of risk factors for ACS, such as hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, in this population. The findings of this study may inform clinical decision-making and guide the development of effective prevention and management strategies for ACS in Bangladesh. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, 250 Bedded District Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh. The study duration was 1 year, from December 2021 to December 2022. Initial sample size was 400 patients, but patients under 18 years of age and those with incomplete data were excluded, resulting in a final sample of 175 non-ACS and 160 ACS patients. Data was collected after obtaining ethical approval. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables such as cardiac troponin and Hs-troponin levels, and compared using independent t-tests. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square tests. Cardiac troponin levels of ≤0.04 ng/mL and Hs-Troponin range of ≤14 pg/mL were considered normal. Result: Mean age was 50.2 (±14.3) in the Non-ACS group and 58.7 (±12.6) in the ACS group (p < 0.001). The gender distribution differed significantly, with 53.14% males in Non-ACS and 66.25% in ACS (p < 0.05). Mean onset of chest pain was 3.1 (±0.21) in Non-ACS and 2.9 (±0.42) in ACS (p > 0.05). Mean systolic blood pressure was higher in ACS (138.19±4.18) than Non-ACS (127.21±5.29) (p < 0.001). Mean BMI was similar in ....