Abstract
Purpose: To study the effect adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) in a rat model of gastric ulceration. Methods: 72 albino rats divided into 3 groups: Group N (Negative control), Group D (positive control); and Group T (ADSCs treated group). Six animals of each group were sacrificed 1, 3, 4 and 5 days after ulcer induction. Each stomach was extracted for macroscopical and histopathological assessment. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for human alu sequences in gastric tissue homogenate were done. Results: ADSCs transplantation improved the histopathology of the gastric tissue in stem cell treated group. Also the result of ulcer index was significantly decreased in stem cell treated group at day 3, 4 and 5 of the study comparing with the indomethacin challenged group. Regarding ELISA results, ADSCs restored the levels of PGE2 to the normal levels and increased the VEGF levels significantly to above normal levels. PCR revealed that stem cells successfully engulfed into the gastric wall by the third day and continued to persist until the 5th day. Conclusion: Homing of stem cells, release of growth factors that induce angiogenesis like VEGF and other substances as PGE2 may be the underlying mechanisms of the improved gastric ulceration healing.
Highlights
Gastric ulcer is a major health hazard in terms of both morbidity and mortality [1]
In this study we investigated the effect and mechanism of intravenous transplantation of human adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) on the healing of gastric ulcers induced by indomethacin in rats
The Ulcer index (UI) of group (T) was significantly lower than Group (D) at days 3, 4 and 5 (P=0.000, 0.000 and 0.000 respectively) which means that adipose derived stem cell treatment has improved the UI
Summary
Gastric ulcer is a major health hazard in terms of both morbidity and mortality [1]. Inadequate dietary habits, cigarette smoking, excessive ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, stress, hereditary predisposition and infection by Helicobacter pylori may be responsible for the development of peptic ulcer [2]. ADSCs are suitable for treatment of wounds because of their potential to differentiate into several cell types, such as endothelial cells and secrete angiogenic and anti-apoptotic factors [7]. They can accelerate regeneration of injured regions in experimental colitis through production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and adiponectin [8]. In this study we investigated the effect and mechanism of intravenous transplantation of human adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) on the healing of gastric ulcers induced by indomethacin in rats
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