Evaluation of the Results Obtained from Microbiological Analysis of Blood Cultures over 5 Years

Abstract

The infections caused by bacteria that reproduce in blood cultures are important medical problems that cause morbidity and mortality. The infections caused by resistant microorganisms are gradually increasing because of the patient’s long stay in hospital, invasive procedures, and application of multi and parenteral antibiotic treatment. The microorganisms that reproduced in the blood cultures of patients in different cultures between 2010-2015 in Diyarbakır Selahaddin Eyyübi State Hospital and the resistance of these microorganisms to antibiotics were assessed retrospectively. In the study, a total of 196 patients’ blood culture results were examined retrospectively. A total of 66.8% of the growth microorganisms (127) were composed of Gram positive cocci, 26.5% of them (52) were composed of Gram-negative bacilli and 6.7% of them (11) were composed of <i>Candida</i> spp. Among the reproduced microorganisms, coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) were found to be 52.5% (103), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to be 4.9% (9), <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp to be 7.3% (14), Escherichia coli to be 4.7% (9), Klebsiella spp to be 8.4% (16), Candida spp. to be 6.7% (11), Pseudomonas spp. to be 4.7% (9), <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> to be 2% (4), <i>Micrococcus luteus</i> to be 2% (4), Kocuria kristinae to be 2.5% (5), Rhizobium radiobacter to be 0.5% (1), <i>Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris</i> to be 1% (1), Sphingomonas paucimobilis 0.5% (1), <i>Pantoea</i> spp. to be 0.5% (1), and <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> to be 0.5% (1). The highest rate of resistance was found to be against meropenem, imipenem and ceftazidime in Acinetobacter spp with 80%, against ceftazidime in Klebsiella spp with 73.4%, against imipenem with 75%, against meropenem and ciprofloxacin with 62.5% in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and against ceftriaxon, cefuroxime and cefuroxime axetil in <i>Escherichia coli</i> with 60%. Penicillin with 100% and tetracycline with 33.3% in <i>S. aureus</i>; penicillin with 97.6% and erythromycin with 82.1% were the antibiotics to which the highest resistance developed. While no resistance was determined against fusidic acid, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, and tigecycline in <i>S. aureus</i>, the resistance was not determined only against tigecycline and vancomycin in CNS. Fifty seven % of <i>S. aureus</i> strains and 83.8% of CNS strains were found to be resistant to methicillin. In our study, it is aimed to determine the mostly reproduced bacteria in blood samples as the result of blood circulation infections of patients staying in different clinics and to research their resistance profiles that developed against antibiotics retrospectively.