Evaluation of the repair of diaphyseal fracture of femoral bone using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in nicotine-bearing rat.

Abstract

Following bone fractures during accidents, some patients suffer from poor repair of bone fractures and subsequent aesthetic and psychological problems. One of the treatments is based on transplantation of stem cells (seeded on scaffolds) to the lesion site. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are multivalent stem cells which are able to reproduce and differentiate into osteogenic cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment of bone fractures by means of transplantation of the latter cells in rats. In this study, the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow adipocytes was evaluated in bone fractures. BMSCs were isolated from rat femur. Two sources of differentiated and non-differentiated osteocyte cells were provided and mixed with collagen in order to be transferred to animals divided in three main groups of model: nicotine, non-nicotine and control groups. After four weeks, the repair of the fracture that had been inflicted by a 2‑mm drill into the diaphyseal region of the femoral bone was investigated by radiographic tests and histopathologic staining. The radiographic results as well as those of histopathologic staining showed that osteogenesis was more intensive in the non-nicotine group than in the nicotine group with differentiated and non-differentiated osteocyte cells. The transplantation of differentiated BMSCs to a bone lesion affected the repair of bone fractures while the nicotine agent played an important role in delaying the bone regeneration (Tab. 1, Fig. 8, Ref. 31).