Abstract
The metal alloys used in dentistry are made mainly of nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and other elements such as molybdenum (Mo), zirconium (Zr), iron (Fe), tin (Sn), chrome (Cr), carbon (C), copper (Cu) and niobium (Nb) which can release metal ions in unstable environments. The aim of this work was determine the salivary pH before and during orthodontic treatment; evaluate the release of metal ions, mainly Ni and Ti, in urine and saliva using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES); and evaluate the corrosion using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). In this study, we selected 35 individuals under orthodontic treatment, from whom saliva and urine samples were collected in 3 stages: (a) basal, (b) at 3 and (c) 6 months after the placement of the fixed appliances. SEM analyzed the Ni–Ti (0.016″) and stainless steel (SS) (0.016 × 0.022″) archs after 1 month of being in contact with the oral cavity. Statistical analysis was performed with Stata using the ANOVA model of repeated measures with a p < 0.05. A statistically significant difference in the concentration of Ni in saliva were found between 3 and 6 months of intervention and Ti in urine was found 3 and 6 months.
Highlights
The several modifications increased desired properties such as low stiffness, shape memory, and superelasticity
No significant differences were observed for the presence of titanium in saliva (p > 0.05)
The results show that at 3 months, the pH is modified, causing an oral buccal medium that is mainly influenced by the hygienic-dietary changes and the dento-bacterial plaque accumulated by the increase of retentive surfaces of fixed orthodontic appliances
Summary
The several modifications increased desired properties such as low stiffness, shape memory, and superelasticity. The high springback property of nitinol permits the delivery of low forces even at large deflection, which is useful in cases with severe crowding. They are useful because they allow the application of constant forces during a long period of activation[17,18]. Saliva acts as a lubricant and aids chewing by facilitating food transport[25] It functions as an electrolyte for ion conduction. The objective of this research was to evaluate the release of metal ions in the mouth by the use of fixed appliance orthodontic by ICP-OES in urine and saliva, and to determine the salivary pH before and during orthodontic treatment. To evaluate the morphological changes of orthodontic archs with SEM
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
