Evaluation of the relationship between the one-hour plasma glucose concentration and beta-cell functions and cardiometabolic parameters during oral glucose tolerance test in obese children and adolescents.

Abstract

Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the 1-h plasma glucose (PG) level in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and conventional glycemic parameters, indices evaluating beta-cell functions, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods The records of 532 obese patients who were followed up in the Pediatric Endocrinology Polyclinic and who underwent standard OGTT were evaluated retrospectively. All patients were divided into two groups according to OGTT data as the 1-h plasma glucose concentration <155mg/dL (n=329) and≥155mg/dL (n=203). Patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were divided into two groups according to the 1-h PG level, as 218 patients with NGT 1h-low (<155mg/dL) and 53 patients with high NGT 1h-high (≥155mg/dL). Results There was a statistically significant difference between the lipid profiles of individuals with NGT 1h-low (<155mg/dL) and individuals with NGT 1h-high (≥155mg/dL) (p<0.001). Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were higher, while HDL cholesterol levels were lower in individuals with NGT 1h-high (≥155mg/dL). The indices evaluating beta-cell functions were significantly higher in individuals with NGT 1h-low (<155mg/dL). Conclusion As a result, a plasma glucose concentration above or equal to 155mg/dL at 1h during an OGTT is associated with a worse clinical phenotype characterized by changes in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Therefore, this threshold value can predict the progression of prediabetes in obese young people with NGT.