Evaluation of the Radial Procurvatum Using the Center of Rotation of Angulation Methodology in Chondrodystrophic Dogs.

Jonghyop Lee,Hakyoung Yoon,Danbee Kwon,Minji Kwon,Kichang Lee

doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.774993

Jonghyop Lee, Hakyoung Yoon

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.774993

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Abstract

The radial joint orientation angles were calculated using the center of rotation of angulation (CORA) methodology within the frontal and sagittal planes in chondrodystrophic dog breeds, including Welsh Corgi, Dachshund, Pekinese, Poodle, Beagle and Maltese, and it was compared whether there is a statistically significant difference between the breeds. Radial joint orientation angles were obtained in eighty-eight dogs, including 23 Welsh Corgis, 16 Dachshunds, 14 Pekinese, 13 Maltese, 12 Poodles and 10 Beagles. Using the CORA methodology, the cranial proximal radial angle (CrPRA) and caudal distal radial angle (CdDRA) in the sagittal plane and medial proximal radial angle (MPRA) and lateral distal radial angle (LDRA) in the frontal plane were measured for the six breeds studied. The mean values of joint angles for each breed were compared statistically were observed. The CrPRA, CdDRA, and LDRA mean values of Dachshund and Welsh Corgi breeds were significantly smaller than other breeds, and in MPRA, Pekingese showed significantly smaller values than other breeds. This study confirms that the mean values of radial joint orientation angles can be significantly different among chondrodystrophic breeds. To accurately evaluate the degree of angular deformity of the radius, it may be helpful to refer to the average value for each breed with chondrodystrophy.

Highlights

Angular limb deformities (ALD) can arise from congenital malformations, physeal injuries, nutritional imbalances, and other factors that can cause retardation of the growth plate [1,2,3]
We present the average joint orientation angle values for several dog breeds and demonstrate that there are significant differences in these measurements even though all breeds indicates statistically no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05), determined by analysis of variance followed by Scheffe’s post-hoc analysis. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.001
A previous study on the joint orientation angle of the radius in dogs showed that there was no distinct difference between chondrodystrophy and non-chondrodystrophy categories [2]

Summary

Introduction

Angular limb deformities (ALD) can arise from congenital malformations, physeal injuries, nutritional imbalances, and other factors that can cause retardation of the growth plate [1,2,3]. Retardation of growth of the distal ulnar physis (growth plate) results in a shortened ulna [4,5,6,7], which may lead to cranial bowing of the radius, valgus deformity at the carpal joint, and elbow subluxation [8, 9]. Joint Orientation Angle of Radius prematurely closed distal ulnar growth plate, resulting in angular deformities [10, 11]. The center of rotation of angulation (CORA) methodology of classifying the degree of angular deformity was adapted from human medicine and first applied to dogs in 2006. Measurement of joint orientation angles using CORA in patient with ALD may provide a guide to be used during corrective osteotomy [13,14,15,16,17,18]

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