Abstract
For the transportation of natural gas through pipelines, gas pumping units (GPU) are installed at numerous compressor stations (CS), the energy carrier for which, in most cases, is transported natural gas. 0.5 ... 1.5 % of the volume of transported gas is consumed (burned) by the pumping unit drive. The situation with the replacement of existing equipment with modern equipment is associated with significant investments, on the one hand, and the uncertainty with the transit of Russian natural gas through gas transmission systems of Ukraine in the near future. More promising is the way to increase the efficiency of the GPU cycle through the use of circuits with preliminary cooling of the compressed gas. The aim of this research is studying the prospects for the application of technology for pre-cooling technological natural gas before compression in a gas pumping unit based on heat-using absorption refrigeration machines. To analyze the effect of pre-cooling of technological natural gas on the compressor stations of main gas pipelines, gas pumping units – GTK-10I were selected. The calculation of GPU power consumption and fuel gas consumption at various temperatures of the process gas at the inlet to the supercharger was performed. The calculation of the operating parameters of the gas pumping unit is performed and the energy and financial prospects of the technology for cooling the process gas before compression in the GPU CS are shown. For the current economic situation (July 2019) in the Ukrainian gas market, the daily decrease in operating costs in standard gas pipelines with a decrease in gas temperature before compression in the gas pumping unit by 20 K ranges from 1800 USD to 3360 USD. A scheme of a recycling plant based on absorption water-ammonia refrigeration machine (AWRM) is proposed, which in the range of initial data allows to reduce the temperature of technological natural gas before compression by 11 ... 13 ° C.
Highlights
The gas transportation system of Ukraine consists of a dense network of gas communications, which serve to supply gas to both domestic consumers and to transit fuel to the countries of Western Europe
The aim of research is studying the prospects for the application of technology for pre-cooling technological natural gas before compression in a gas pumping unit based on heat-using absorption refrigeration machines
It is shown that lowering the gas temperature before compression leads to a decrease in the work spent on gas compression, and cooling tasks can be solved most energetically efficiently using heat-consuming AWRM s with a wide range of cooling temperatures, which use the thermal energy of the exhaust gases for their work
Summary
The gas transportation system of Ukraine consists of a dense network of gas communications, which serve to supply gas to both domestic consumers and to transit fuel to the countries of Western Europe. For the transportation of natural gas through pipelines, gas pumping units (GPU) are installed at numerous compressor stations (CS), the energy carrier for which, in most cases, is transported natural gas. Pumping costs can be reduced as follows: – replacement of existing units with low efficiency by more economical ones, with an efficiency of 36 % and higher; – modernization of existing equipment with the use of new approaches to the organization of the processes of compression (compression) at the main compressor stations. More promising is the way to increase the efficiency of the GPU cycle through the use of circuits with preliminary cooling of the compressed gas. This position is based on the following. If analyze the formula for the specific work of an ideal compressor l for 1 kg of gas, it is possible to see that it is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas before compression [5]
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