Abstract
From the Asteraceaes family, Tridax procumbens is a wild species frequently found in fields, meadows and roadsides. It is traditionally used to treat yellow fever, typhoid fever, high blood pressure and diabetes. In this work we used the hydro-ethanolic extract of the leaves and stems of the plant and also the fractions of this extract to determine the preventive and therapeutic activities of the plant against obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The yields of the fractions obtained by decantation of the hydro-ethanolic extract are respectively 0.160% with hexane, 0.073% with dichloromethane, 0.09% with diethyl ether and 0.150% with ethyl acetate. Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were induced in the rats submitted to a fatty and sweet diet for 28 days. Our results showed a significant increase in glycemia, weight and triglyceride level in rats that were subjected to the diet. On the other hand, the rats treated with the dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight of Tridax procumbens extract during the induction showed a reduction in weight gain and an absence of increase in blood sugar and triglyceride levels. The ethyl acetate fraction of Tridax procumbens extract administered to fatty and hyperglycemic rats at 50 mg/kg of body weight for 14 days did not induce change in the blood sugar and triglycerides level of fatty and hyperglycemic rats. If it seems obvious that the extract of Tridax procumbens prevents hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, the ethyl acetate fraction does not seem to have a therapeutic effect.
Highlights
The prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer continues to increase worldwide and reducing it is one of the great challenges of the 21st century
Our results showed a significant increase in glycemia, weight and triglyceride level in rats that were subjected to the diet
In this work we studied the effects of the hydroethanolic extract of Tridax procumbens on glycemia, cholesterol and triglyceride levels of Wistar rats subjected to a fatty and sweet diet for 28 days
Summary
The prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer continues to increase worldwide and reducing it is one of the great challenges of the 21st century. Mortality from NCDs is expected to increase by a further 17% over the 10 years [1] It is especially among the poor and underprivileged that the incidence of these diseases is increasing rapidly, further widening the health gaps in these countries. The anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidic activities of the Beninese species of the plant were evaluated in healthy Wistar rats given a normal diet. In this work we studied the effects of the hydroethanolic extract of Tridax procumbens on glycemia, cholesterol and triglyceride levels of Wistar rats subjected to a fatty and sweet diet for 28 days. We treated the hyperglycemic and fatty rats resulting from this diet with the ethyl acetate fraction made from the hydroethanolic
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