Evaluation of the Prevalence Rate of Newborns with Cleft Lip and Palate in the City of Zabol in 2018-2019

Abstract

Background: Cleft Lip and Palate (CL±CP) are congenital malformations that occur in two forms CL±CP and CL only. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CL±CP and associated risk factors in a group of newborns in Zabol in 2020.
 Methods: In the present descriptive-analytical study, we examined all newborns born at Amir Al-Momenin (AS) Hospital in Zabol between April 2018 and the end of March 2019. Eighty-eight births in which this complication occurred were studied.
 Results: The prevalence of CL±CP in the total study population was 0.22% or 2.22 newborns per 1000 live births. In the present study, 35.2% had left unilateral CL±CP (n = 31), 31.8% had CL (n = 28), 20.5% had bilateral CL±CP (n = 18), 10.2% (n = 9) had CL±CP unilateral at the right side, CL 1.1% (n = 1) and 1.1% had medial cleft. The most common disorders in boys were CL, CL and unilateral left lip. In girls, CL± unilateral CP were the most common complications. Babies with left unilateral cleft lip and palate had the highest rate of anomalies.
 Conclusion: The present study showed that the prevalence of CL±CP in newborns in Sistan region is higher than national level. The prevalence of unilateral CL±CP on the left side and cleft palate is one of the most common types of CL±CP. This anomaly occurred more frequently in males.