Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the prevalence of concurrent coronary artery disease in patients who underwent surgery due to severe valvular heart disease. The study also investigated the association of coronary artery disease with the type of valvular heart disease.Materials and methodsA total of 241 patients (123 females [51%]), who had underwent single valvular heart surgery, were included in the study. The patients who underwent valve replacement surgery were divided into four groups: patients with severe mitral stenosis (MS), patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR), patients with severe aortic regurgitation (AR), and patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Age, DM, HT, history of smoking, and LDL values were recorded as the risk factors for CAD.ResultsCoronary artery disease was detected in 26.4% of patients with mitral stenosis and 57.7% of patients with aortic stenosis. Of the patients with mitral insufficiency, 41.9% had CAD, and 44.4% of the patients with aortic insufficiency had CAD.ConclusionThe comparison of MS and AS groups revealed significantly higher prevalence of CAD in the AS group. There was no statistically significant difference between the MR and AR groups in terms of the prevalence of CAD. The comparison of MS and MR groups revealed significantly higher prevalence of CAD in the MR group. Furthermore, the comparison of these groups in terms of the extensiveness of the coronary artery disease revealed significantly higher Gensini score in the MR group.
Highlights
Rheumatic factors in the etiology of valvular heart diseases have been mostly replaced by degenerative factors, the prevalence of which increase with increasing age [1]
The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) was higher in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) when compared to patients with mitral stenosis (MS) (p = 0.002)
The high prevalence of CAD in patients with AS reflects the role played by the atherosclerotic process in the etiology of AS
Summary
Rheumatic factors in the etiology of valvular heart diseases have been mostly replaced by degenerative factors, the prevalence of which increase with increasing age [1]. In parallel to the change in the epidemiology of valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease (CAD) have become more commonly found in association with valvular heart disease in the developed western countries [1]. The prevalence of degenerative aortic valve disease increases with age and it is the leading valvular condition accompanying CAD. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the prevalence of concurrent coronary artery disease in patients who underwent surgery due to severe valvular heart disease and to investigate the association of coronary artery disease with the type of valvular heart disease
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