Abstract
This article is about the possibility of concentrating commercial coal phenol with a concentration of 99% by the weight method of rectification from the phenolic fraction of coal tar. The sufficiency of phenol is ensured by the kumol method, however, the consumption of phenol increases. Modeling of the vapor-liquid equilibrium of double and triple mixtures of components using the NRTL model showed the presence of the following positive homogeneous azeotropic mixtures: phenol-indane, phenol-indene. Modeling of the vapor-liquid equilibrium of double and triple mixtures of components using the NRTL model showed the presence of the following positive homogeneous azeotropic mixtures: phenol-indane, phenol-indene. The compositions and temperatures of these azeotropes are determined. The authors propose the isolation of phenol from the fraction and its purification from indane and indene by a clear rectification method. The technological scheme consisting of four devices is based on the analysis of the component composition of the initial mixture and the existing azeotropes. Modeling of the technological scheme showed that this scheme provides the release of phenol by 99% of the mass, which meets the requirements for coal phenol. After optimizing the technological parameters of the distillation columns, the estimated extraction costs will amount to 5.64 Gcal per ton of commercial phenol.
Highlights
Coal tar is a by-product of metallurgical coke or oil coke production
Coal tar has a complex composition with a high level of valuable aromatic compounds, like phenol, naphthalene, anthracene, etc. [6].Due to its content, coal tar can be used as a rich sourcefortheextraction of its components [7]
During processing by theclassical method, coal tar is separated by rectification into several fractions, which are called by the prevailing target products: light, phenolic, naphthalene, absorption, and anthracene fractions. [8,9]
Summary
Coal tar is a by-product of metallurgical coke or oil coke production. There are many works devoted to an increased yield and improved quality of needle coke [1,2,3,4,5]. The separation of coal tar is conducted by distillation into fractions, and the pure phenol is obtained by extraction or by chemical methods [13,14,15,16,17,18]. The authors do not investigate the process of phenol separation from coal tar by extraction method, because this technology is well-studied and widely known. Distillation is currently used to separate the so-called crude phenol from coal tar, which is not sufficiently pure, and the subsequent additional purification is carried out by the above-mentioned extraction method. The article suggests a phenol separation technology that meets GOST 11311-76 “Coal phenol” (government standard) with a basic substance content of at least 99% wt. Analysis of the composition showed that phenol forms binary and ternary azeotropeswithindane and indene, naphthalene, pseudocumene, hemimellitene, mesitylene, and other compounds.Table 2 presents binary azeotropesandTable 3 presents ternary azeotropes
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