Abstract
In this study, four types of grout were developed to evaluate the effect of grouting of saturated riprap layers on ground water flow. The developed types of grout are divided into a quick-setting type and a general-type, and also into high and low viscosities. A number of grout tests were performed in a model acrylic chamber, 0.4 m in diameter and 2.0 m in length, for visual observation of injection. To reproduce the field flow condition of the saturated riprap layers (approach flow), the grout tests were carried out at 0 cm/s and 100 cm/s for the flow speed and 10 L/min for the grout injection speed after installing a flow injection opening on the lower part of the chamber. Based on the results of the grout tests, the injection of each grout in the saturated riprap layers was examined to find out the most effective grout.
Highlights
Recent grouting methods using liquids have been generally applied to improve the ground
The method of applying grout to match the ground water flow has the issue that most structures, for example, reservoirs or sea walls, are grouted and afterwards the grout is lost along the path of reserved water or the scale of voids gradually increases in size, resulting in leaks in the structures
This study aims to examine the effect of applied grout for the condition of flow by mixing an expansion agent, an anti-washout agent, and a superplasticizer in order to lower leaching and segregation which occurs when a liquid and cement suspension are used
Summary
Recent grouting methods using liquids have been generally applied to improve the ground. The filling performance of the grouting in the riprap layers can deteriorate due to ground water flow. This issue has not been fully studied yet either in Korea or globally, and methods for the correction of poor fillings have not been suggested. The method of applying grout to match the ground water flow has the issue that most structures, for example, reservoirs or sea walls, are grouted and afterwards the grout is lost along the path of reserved water or the scale of voids gradually increases in size, resulting in leaks in the structures. Korean researchers have studied various types of grout related to the method, for example, of reinforcing soft ground or building foundations. Further studies are required in relation to the varieties of grout for riprap layers and aggregate layers
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