Abstract
The aim of our study is based on the characterization of the effluents treated by the M’zar plant, the monitoring of its purification performance after each treatment stage and the benefits of treated wastewater reuse in Souss-Massa region. Physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses were performed monthly from May 2019 to September 2020 on four types of water: Raw Water (RW), Settled Water (SW), Filtered Water (FW) and Purified Water treated by ultraviolet radiation (PWUV). After treatment, the pH values were close to neutrality and the concentrations of COD, BOD5, SM and bacteriological parameters were below the limits recommended by Moroccan standards, with a satisfactory abatement rate (between 97.5% and 100%), with the exception of electrical conductivity, which recorded very high values (3.7 dS/cm in PWUV) due to the salt discharged by the fish industries. In fact, the treated wastewater is rich in nitrates (289.24 mg/L in PWUV) and their reuse in agriculture can therefore contribute to making significant savings in terms of fertilization (2.08 t/day of nitrogen with a daily flow of 30,000 m3/day). Furthermore, a daily quantity of 2 to 5 tons of sludge is discharged, containing 40% to 60% of dry volatile matter, which results in the biogas production of 1275 m3/day/decanter.
Highlights
The natural water resources in Morocco are among the scarcest in the world
This paper evaluates the performance efficiency of M’zar wastewater treatment plant in terms of physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters governing the reuse of wastewater treated in the city of Agadir and comparing them to national standards
The evaluation of the pollution of raw or treated wastewater is done by determining a certain number of physico-chemical and biological parameters characterizing this water
Summary
The natural water resources in Morocco are among the scarcest in the world. the total freshwater resources are evaluated at 22 billion m3 per year, the equivalent of 700 m3 /inhabitant/year [1]. The northern basins in addition to the Sebou basin cover only 7% of the country’s territory but hold more than half of its water resources [1]. This is why the recourse to non-conventional waters has become a necessity. Morocco has set the ambitious objective of reusing 325 million m3 by 2030 [2] This treated wastewater is available in abundance and permanently. It has many advantages: reasonable cost, acceptable quality and savings in fertilizer. This water is naturally rich in phosphorus and nitrates and makes it possible to eliminate or reduce the use of chemical fertilizers
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