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Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the oxytocic activity of the methanol leaf extract of Carica papaya Linn (Caricaceae) and its effect on haematological parameters. Phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity also studied using standard methods. The Carica papaya leaves were extracted with 10 liters of methanol. The Carica papaya methanol leaf extract (CPMLE) was given at dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg once daily. The oxytocic effect was done using in-vitro method of isolated rat uterus tissue. Oxytocin and acetylcholine used as standard drugs. The weight and blood samples were taken from animals every seven days for twenty- one days while being fed. Haematological study was done using in-vivo method on pregnant and non-pregnant Swiss albino rat. The studied doses of CPMLE cumulatively applied to the bath-fluid caused dose related, significant increase in baseline tone and induced spontaneous, rhythmic, myogenic contractions of the uterine muscle strips taken from stilbesterol-pretreated, non-pregnant female and pregnant rats. There was significant (p< 0.05) increase in mean haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and packed cell volume as compared to control receiving distilled water. There was a significant (p< 0.05) decrease in the white blood cell count in the test groups relative to that observed in the control group. The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed that CPMLE contained saponins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides etc. The extract caused no deaths up to 5000 mg/kg showing the extract is relatively safe. In conclusion, the results show that CPMLE do possess oxytocic and hematological effect.
Highlights
Numerous herbs have been reportedly used historically by women to aid child delivery, stimulate menstrual flow or reduce fertility [1]
The aim of this study is to investigate the oxytocic activity of the methanol leaf extract of Carica papaya and observe its effect on the haematological parameters
Phytochemical Constituents of Extract The phytochemical analysis showed that Carica papaya methanol leaf extract (CPMLE) tested positive to saponins, carbohydrate, alkaloids, glycosides, proteins, terpenoids, tannins, resins, oils and steroids
Summary
Numerous herbs have been reportedly used historically by women to aid child delivery, stimulate menstrual flow or reduce fertility [1]. Oxytocic agents commonly used include oxytocin, certain prostaglandins, and the ergot alkaloids These drugs are used to induce or augment labor at term, control postpartum hemorrhage, correct postpartum uterine atony, produce uterine contractions after cesarean section or other uterine surgery, and induce therapeutic abortion. Oxytocin is normally produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland It plays a role in intimacy, sexual reproduction of both sexes, and during and after childbirth as well as social bonding. It is released in large amounts after distension of the cervix and uterus during labor and with stimulation of the nipples following childbirth. It is Corresponding author: Odoh Uchenna Estella
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