EVALUATION OF THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PREVENTION OF THE PERIODONTAL DISEASES AMONG THE PREGNANT WOMEN IN TBILISI

Abstract

Task:Although the periodontal inammatory diseases are very often during the pregnancy, little is known about the riskfactors that increase the frequency of periodontal disease incidence and affect its development during the pregnancy. This descriptive study assesses the prevalence of the periodontal diseases among the pregnant women in Tbilisi, the impact of their socio-economic status, hygiene habits and level of knowledge to their periodontal status. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted among pregnant women. The respondents were distributed by Gynecological Centers and districts in Tbilisi. The survey was conducted at 24 Gynecological Centers. The target group of the study were 385 pregnant women aged 18 to 45 actually living in Tbilisi. The tool used in this study is a Structured Electronic Questionnaire. The oral health of the target group representatives was assessed by periodontal indexes, the CPITN-index and OHI-Jack R.Vermillion's oral hygiene index. Data entry and statistical analysis was carried out using a statistical program SPSS 23,0. Results: The current pregnancy for most of respondents 37,9%(146) is the second, 50,6%(195) of the pregnant women are in the second trimester of the pregnancy, 47,8%(184) of the respondents are the bachelors' student or have completed a bachelor's stage of study. Due to the employment status, 39,5%(152) of them are housewives, and 64,2%(247) evaluate their economical condition as satisfactory; 30,9%(119) of the respondents have dental insurance and only 56,9(45)% uses this insurance for this purpose. 74,5%(287) of the pregnant women addresses the dentist only in case of pain or discomfort, 70,3%(270) of them have bleeding gums, 63,6%(245) of them feel pain or discomfort in the oral cavity and 59,7(230) of them have a swelling/pain in their gums. Only 11,7%(45) of gynecologists recommend their patients to plan a visit to the dentist. Pregnant women's awareness about the safety of dental manipulations is also quite low and it is 29,1%(112). The statistical testing of the difference due to the qualitative variables was carried out using the Pearson's chi-square method; index of signication (p), which was less than 0,05, at (p<0,05) was considered as statistically signicant.