Abstract
Three oil lettuce seed samples ( lactuca Sativa LS10, LS20, LS30) were cultivated under three irrigation conditions (well, normal and water deficient conditions, after 10, 20 and 30 days respectively) to evaluate their oils and to see to what extent the oil lettuce plant resists draught conditions. The oils extracted from the three seed samples were evaluated by determining eight lipid profiles using HPLC in conjunction with capillary GLC. Lettuce seed oils are characterized by high contents of linoleic and oleic acids. Of the triacyl glycerols determined, those containing linoleyl and oleyl acyles are the major ones. The whole sterol profiles include β-sitosterol (as major component) followed by 7-stigmasterol, campesterol and 5-stigmasterol, which were found in all the lettuce seed oil samples but with slight differences. Furthermore, sterol patterns of the free and acylated sterols, free and acylated sterylglycosides were determined. It was found that LS30 oil has the highest tocopherol content and α-tocopherol is the only constituent in all the lettuce seed oil samples. On the other hand, the 2-position in the lettuce seed oil samples is mainly acylated by unsaturated fatty acids (98.6%) namely, oleic and linoleic acids. According to these results, it can be concluded that irrigation conditions do not affect the lipid constituents of the oil and the oil lettuce plant resists draught and its lipid profiles are in agreement with those of conventional vegetable oils.
Highlights
The oil lettuce crop was widely used, on limited scale, as a source of dietary oil in the Upper of Egypt until the year of 1960
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the oil from lettuce seeds (Lactuca Sativa) cultivated under three irrigation conditions by determining their lipid profiles as well as to find out the fatty acids occupying the 2-position and in a screening analysis program designed for searching for nonconventional sources of oils
From the results it can be concluded that the oil lettuce plant resists draught and draught did not affect the different kinds of lipids present in its seeds
Summary
The oil lettuce crop was widely used, on limited scale, as a source of dietary oil in the Upper of Egypt until the year of 1960. Due to the development of the oil industry and cultivation of vast areas with competing oil seed crops, the lettuce oil is no longer produced. Nowadays, it is cultivated in a limited area in the Upper Egypt in the winter season by intercropping with other crops. It may be a good idea to increase its cultivated area in the newly reclaimed soils (where there is a shortage of fresh water). Its cultivation in these soils will depend on its resistance to draught. The National Research Center (NRC) experimental station cultivated a limited area with oil lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) in Upper Egypt (Qena and Esna) under certain irrigation conditions
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