Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of Laser Doppler imaging (LDI) for noninvasive and dynamic assessment of hemorrhagic shock in a rabbit model. A rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock was generated and LDI of the microcirculation in the rabbit ears was performed before and at 0, 30, 60, and 90 min after hemorrhage. The CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image of the ears, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the heart rate (HR) were monitored. The mean LDI flux was calculated. The HR of rabbits was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated and the MAP was decreased after hemorrhage, compared to the pre-hemorrhage level. Within the initial 30 min after hemorrhage, the perfusion flux lineally dropped down. In contrast, the MAP values did not differ significantly between the time points of 0 and 30 after hemorrhage (p > 0.05). Both the flux numbers and the red-to-blue color changes on LDI imaging showed the reduction of the microcirculation. LDI imaging is a noninvasive and non-contact approach to evaluate the microcirculation and may offer benefits in the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhage shock. Further studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness in clinical practice.
Highlights
Hemorrhagic shock is a life-threatening condition resulting from decreased blood volume due to blood loss, leading to reduced tissue perfusion, cellular hypoxia and organ damage
One way of the stopper was connected with a physiological signal acquisition system (Modal RM6240, Chendu Instrument Company, Chendu, China) for a continuous monitor of heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure (MAP)
The mean heart rate (HR) was significantly increased and the mean MAP was decreased compared to basal levels (p < 0.05)
Summary
Hemorrhagic shock is a life-threatening condition resulting from decreased blood volume due to blood loss, leading to reduced tissue perfusion, cellular hypoxia and organ damage. Disorders in the microcirculation are linked to the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock [1]. Assessment of the status of the microcirculation is of importance in treating patients with hemorrhagic shock. Many factors such as drug delivery and blood volume have been identified to affect the microcirculation [2,3]. There are currently several methods available for assessment of the microcirculation. The microcirculation in the mesentery is commonly evaluated by micro-photography. Its PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0116076 February 25, 2015
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