Evaluation of the mandibular arch in patients with impacted permanent lower canines

Shikha Jain,Mamta Agrawal,Shweta Jain,Sachin Jain

doi:10.21307/aoj-2020-138

Shikha Jain, Mamta Agrawal + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2020-138

Copy DOI

Abstract

Abstract Aim To determine the features of the mandibular dental arch in subjects presenting with impacted permanent lower canines. Methods The ‘impaction group’ consisted of 48 Indian subjects with mandibular canine impaction (Females:Males, 1.5:1; mean age, 15.03 ± 0.49 years). The ‘control group’ was comprised of 96 age-, gender- and malocclusion-matched Indians who were randomly selected from subjects initially screened but who had completely erupted mandibular canines. Arch width, arch length, arch shape and space status (total tooth size, arch-length – tooth-size discrepancy) were assessed using dental models and were compared between the groups using comparative measurements and statistics. Results Statistically significant differences were demonstrated with respect to the arch length, arch shape, total tooth size and arch-length – tooth-size discrepancy (p = 0.03, 0.02, 0.04, 0.01; independent 2-sample t-tests, respectively). Crowding was more prevalent in subjects with impaction than in the controls, with the difference being statistically significant (chi-square = 13.202; degrees of freedom (df) = 4; p = 0.010). Conclusion Patients with permanent mandibular canine impaction have adequately wide but shorter lower dental arch forms along with wider mandibular total tooth size and greater arch-length – tooth-size discrepancy when compared with a control sample.

Highlights

The discovery of an impacted permanent canine in a human specimen of Mousterian youth in France was estimated to be 40,000 years old.[1]
The results of the error study were considered sufficiently reliable as the error standard deviations for inter-premolar width (IPW), IMW, Arch length (AL), individual tooth measurements and AP were calculated to be 0.21, 0.31, 0.28, 0.000, 0.004 and 0.34 mm respectively
The prevalence of the subjects with spaced, well aligned, mild, moderate and severe crowding in the mandibular arch was significantly different between the impaction group’ (IG) and CG groups (Table III, p = 0.010, chi-square test)

Summary

Introduction

The discovery of an impacted permanent canine in a human specimen of Mousterian youth in France was estimated to be 40,000 years old.[1] Bluestone initially described this anomaly in living patients,[2] and a contemporary incidence of an impacted lower canine is reported to range from 0.35% to 0.44%.3. Orthodontic management of these teeth is often challenging as success is related to the availability of the arch space. JAIN ET AL in patients presenting with impacted permanent mandibular canines compared with patients whose lower canines had erupted uneventfully

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion