Evaluation of the Level of Salivary sHLA-G in Children Aged 3-5 Years with or without Dental Caries.

Mansoureh Bijani,Mina Motallebnejad,Amrollah Mostafazadeh,Samaneh Gharekhani,Ali Bijani,Roghiyeh Pourbagher

doi:10.1155/2020/8870055

Mansoureh Bijani, Mina Motallebnejad + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8870055

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Abstract

Methods and Materials This analytic cross-sectional study was carried out on 83 healthy children aged 3 to 5 years of both genders, who were divided into three groups based on decayed dental surfaces (ds): group 1, caries-free children (CF, n = 29); group 2, children with 1 ≤ ds ≤ 3, 1 ≤ ds ≤ 4, and 1 ≤ ds ≤ 5 for age 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively (ECC, n = 20); and group 3, children with ds ≥ 4, ds ≥ 5, and ds ≥ 6 for age 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively (S-ECC, n = 34). The unstimulated saliva samples were collected, and the salivary sHLA-G concentration was measured by the ELISA kit. The SPSS Statistics v17.0 software and Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, chi-square, and Spearman's rank correlation tests were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was considered at p < 0.05. Results The mean concentrations of salivary sHLA-G in CF, ECC, and S-ECC groups were 3.18 ± 2.28, 5.64 ± 5.51, and 6.21 ± 6.03 ng/l, respectively (p = 0.047), and the mean salivary sHLA-G level was comparatively higher in children with dental caries than that of the CF group (p = 0.02), but there is no significant difference between ECC and S-ECC groups (p > 0.05). Spearman's rank correlation test showed a weak positive correlation (p = 0.039, r = 0.22), between the level of salivary sHLA-G and dental caries. Conclusion The present study provides some preliminary evidences on relationship between sHLA-G and dental caries in children.

Highlights

Childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases [1]
Results is study was done among 83 subjects (52 girls and 31 boys). e salivary soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) was detected in all samples. e salivary concentration of sHLA-G was significantly different between study groups (Figure 1)
E mean salivary sHLA-G level was comparatively higher in children with dental caries than that of the CF group (6.00 ng/l ± 5.80 and 3.18 ng/l ± 2.08, p 0.02).We further analyzed the correlation between three group pairs with the Mann–Whitney test

Summary

Introduction

Childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases [1]. E usual risk factors of ECC include poor oral hygiene, diet, low socioeconomic status [8, 9], and host salivary constituents. Dietary practices such as poor dietary habits and food preferences, frequent exposure to sweet beverages, and night-time meals or drinks promote the proliferation of cariogenic bacteria [10, 11]. Inappropriate feeding practices, such as bottle feeding with sweetened milk or fruit juice, night-time bottle feeding, and sleeping with honey-soaked dummies, have been associated with the initiation and development of caries in children [11, 12]

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Conclusion