Abstract
BackgroundThe late life disability instrument (LLDI) was developed to assess limitations in instrumental and management roles using a small and restricted sample. In this paper we examine the measurement properties of the LLDI using data from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Pilot (LIFE-P) study.MethodsLIFE-P participants, aged 70-89 years, were at elevated risk of disability. The 424 participants were enrolled at the Cooper Institute, Stanford University, University of Pittsburgh, and Wake Forest University. Physical activity and successful aging health education interventions were compared after 12-months of follow-up. Using factor analysis, we determined whether the LLDI's factor structure was comparable with that reported previously. We further examined how each item related to measured disability using item response theory (IRT).ResultsThe factor structure for the limitation domain within the LLDI in the LIFE-P study did not corroborate previous findings. However, the factor structure using the abbreviated version was supported. Social and personal role factors were identified. IRT analysis revealed that each item in the social role factor provided a similar level of information, whereas the items in the personal role factor tended to provide different levels of information.ConclusionsWithin the context of community-based clinical intervention research in aged populations, an abbreviated version of the LLDI performed better than the full 16-item version. In addition, the personal subscale would benefit from additional research using IRT.Trial registrationThe protocol of LIFE-P is consistent with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and is registered at http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov (registration # NCT00116194).
Highlights
The late life disability instrument (LLDI) was developed to assess limitations in instrumental and management roles using a small and restricted sample
Because McAuley and colleagues [4] published an abbreviated version of the LLDI consisting of 8 items that had superior psychometric qualities as compared to the original instrument, we examine the fit of their measurement model within the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Pilot (LIFE-P) data
The LIFE-P sample had 18.2% that self-reported race as black compared with 7.3% for LLD
Summary
The late life disability instrument (LLDI) was developed to assess limitations in instrumental and management roles using a small and restricted sample. In this paper we examine the measurement properties of the LLDI using data from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Pilot (LIFE-P) study. Disability is a major focus for intervention research in aging due to the social, personal, and economic costs associated with the loss of independence [1]. Consistent with the International classification of functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework [2], disability is conceptualized as a rubric for capturing impairments, functional limitations, and activity restrictions. Jette and his colleagues [3] have noted that most existing instruments focus on. The longitudinal design of LIFE-P enabled us to examine the stability of the factor structure of the LLDI as disability responsive to change with time and to evaluate the quality of individual items
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