Evaluation of the Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Ceratonia siliqua Leaf and Seed Extract

Abstract

The current study aimed to estimate the chemical composition of the powder of both leaves and seeds of Ceratonia siliqua, which was purchased from the local market in Iraq/Baghdad. Where the test included (moisture-fat-protein-carbohydrate-ash-fiber), both leaves and seeds were extracted by Soxhlet continuous extraction machine using ethanol solvent. Several chemical tests were conducted on the extracts, which included the following: Detection of phenolic compounds and flavonoids by HPLC technology (high-performance liquid chromatography), where the results showed the appearance of several peaks at a wavelength of 280 nm for several phenolic compounds and at different time lengths. The inhibition activity was evaluated for two types of bacteria (positive/gram-negative), one type of yeast, two types of molds, and four concentrations of extracts (25-50-75-100 mg/ml). The results showed that the alcoholic extract of the leaves of the carob plant was superior to the seeds against all microorganisms. As for the antioxidant activity, it was approved by the DPPH test compared to vitamin C, as it is a natural antioxidant. The results showed that both leaf and seed extracts were superior to vitamin C, as the IC50% of seed extract was 7 ppm 11 and leaf extract was 184. As for vitamin C, the percentage of free radical inhibition was 50%, 373PPM, as it is known that the higher the IC50 value, the lower the antioxidant activity.