Abstract
The Linz–Donawitz (LD) converter is still the dominant process for converting hot metal into crude steel with the help of technically pure oxygen. Beside hot metal, scrap is the most important charging material which acts as an additional iron source and coolant. Because of the irrevocable importance of the process, there is continued interest in a dynamic simulation of the LD process, especially regarding the savings of material and process costs with optimized process times. Based on a thermodynamic and kinetic Matlab® coded model, the influences of several scrap parameters on its melting and dissolution behavior were determined, with a special focus on establishing the importance of specific factors on the crude steel composition and bath temperature after a defined blowing period to increase the accuracy of the process model. The calculations reported clearly indicate that the dynamic converter model reacts very sensitively to the chemical composition of the scrap as well as the charged scrap mass and size. Those results reflect the importance of experiments for validation on the diffusive scrap melting model in further research work. Based on that, reliable conclusions could be drawn to improve the theoretical and practical description of the dissolution and melting behavior of scrap in dynamic converter modelling.
Highlights
The Linz–Donawitz (LD) converter steelmaking process was patented in Austria in the early1950s
The present study was done to clarify the relevance of the obtained deviations for the final temperature, composition and scrap melting behavior
The aim was to focus on the detailed description of the melting and dissolution behavior of scrap during the LD converter process for
Summary
The Linz–Donawitz (LD) converter steelmaking process was patented in Austria in the early. The dynamic LD converter model used is mainly focused on cost reduction due to shorter process times and specified amounts of charged materials This parameter study on scrap melting and dissolution behavior was performed since alterations in component parameters influence the whole system because of the thermodynamic and kinetic principles of the model and its equation of oxygen balance. The fundamental equation to solve the calculation is one algebraic equation, which includes the bulk chemical compositions of the metal and the slag phases as well as thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. Thebehavior behaviorofofthe the temperature, composition of the metal slag slag phases, as well theas melting and dissolution of charge requires requires shutdowns during a and phases, as as well the melting and dissolution of materials charge materials shutdowns converter heat. Lytvynyuk carried out a validation in this direction and could present in [14] and [31] a good agreement between the model and literature-based information
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