Evaluation of the Hypoglycemic Potentials and Glycemic Index of Ready-to-eat Breakfast Products Using Animal Bioassay

Onuh F A,Mbaeyi-Nwaoha I E,Ani J.C

doi:10.12691/ajfst-7-5-5

Abstract

There is need for dietary diversification which involves the use of commonly available cereals, legumes and other nutritious crops to meet nutritional needs of diabetic patients. Dietary diversification could be used to ameliorate micronutrient deficiencies by modifying the diet to include a greater diversity of nutrient - rich foods. The major aim of this study was to produce and evaluate ready-to-eat breakfast product for diabetics from African yam bean (Sphenostylis sternocarpa), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.) flour blends. Flours were produced from sorghum, African yam bean and unripe plantain and blended in 100:0:0, 65:30:5, 60:30:10, 55:30:15, 50:30:20 and 45:30:25 ratio of sorghum: African yam bean: unripe plantain flour, respectively. Ready-to-eat breakfast products were produced from each blend by toasting at 150°C for 5 min. The products hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials and effects on hematological parameters were evaluated using rat study. The fasting blood glucose (fbg) of the rats were significantly (p5 (45:30:25) had the lowest mean fbg value of 81.63 mg/ml. The cholesterol level of rats fed sample SAUP5 (945:30:25) was reduced from 3.56 to 2.10 mg/dl, low density lipoprotein from 2.03 to 1.10 mg/dl, triglycerides from 1.03 to 0.63 mg/dl and high density lipoprotein was increased from 0.47 to 0.97 mg/dl. Liver function of rats fed sample SAUP4 (50:30:20) was reduced from 100 to 23 mg/dl, for Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 49 to 23 mg/dl for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and 33 to 19 mg/dl for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), respectively. Conclusion: The formulated ready-to-eat breakfast product was adequate for diabetic patients.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem and it is on the increase in most part of the world
In many part of sub-saharan Africa among the rural dwellers, there is a marked increase in the population of diabetics and other health problems related with food consumption
It is imperative to explore the potentials of lesser known plant, such as African yam bean and unripe plantain in the management of blood glucose among diabetics

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem and it is on the increase in most part of the world. Though for many years, diabetes has been classified as the disease of affluence because management of the disease is associated with severe complications, which pose severe financial risks for families, member states, and the entire world [1]. In many part of sub-saharan Africa among the rural dwellers, there is a marked increase in the population of diabetics and other health problems related with food consumption. A decrease in the consumption of sugars and foods that promote high glucose responses [2] should be advocated. It is imperative to explore the potentials of lesser known plant, such as African yam bean and unripe plantain in the management of blood glucose among diabetics

Objectives

Methods

Results