Abstract
Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz. (family: Anacardiaceae) is a wild deciduous tree indigenous to southeast Asian countries. Different parts of this plant are used traditionally for the treatment and cure of various disorders and illnesses. S. pinnata leaves are used to prevent and treat diabetes in traditional Balinese medicine. However, scientific study on the antihyperglycemic effect of its leaves has not been reported yet. Therefore, this study aims to perform phytochemical screening and investigate the hypoglycemic potential of S. pinnata leaves extract. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the hydroethanolic extract was performed following the standard tests. In vivo hypoglycemic activity of the leaves extract was evaluated using normal and glucose-loaded rats. The results displayed the presence of phytochemical constituents such as saponins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and terpenoids. S. pinnata (500 mg/kg) and metformin (100 mg/kg) exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in blood glucose level at 1, 2, and 3 h in normal rats when compared to the control group. Metformin- (100 mg/kg)- and S. pinnata- (500 mg/kg)- treated groups showed a maximum decrease in the blood glucose level at 3 h after single-dose administration in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In conclusion, S. pinnata leaves possess a significant hypoglycemic activity in the animal model and thus support its traditional use to treat diabetes. Therefore, a detailed mechanism-based study and isolation of bioactive compounds from S. pinnata leaves would be beneficial in the future for the search of new hypoglycemic agents.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused due to defects in insulin production, insulin sensitivity, or both. e major complications of diabetes include abnormally high blood sugar levels and blood vessel diseases, which may further cause long-term damage to vital organs such as the eye, kidney, nerves, and heart [1]
Hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, chloroform, benzene, ammonia, and sodium hydroxide were procured from Merck, Germany, and sodium chloride and gelatin were purchased from Qualigens Fine Chemicals, India. e drugs metformin and glucose were obtained from Times Pharmaceuticals, Nepal
Acute Toxicity Study. e maximum dose of 2000 mg/kg produced no mortality in rats. e animals did not manifest any signs of restlessness, respiratory distress, irritation, coma, or convulsions
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused due to defects in insulin production, insulin sensitivity, or both. e major complications of diabetes include abnormally high blood sugar levels and blood vessel diseases, which may further cause long-term damage to vital organs such as the eye, kidney, nerves, and heart [1]. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused due to defects in insulin production, insulin sensitivity, or both. E major complications of diabetes include abnormally high blood sugar levels and blood vessel diseases, which may further cause long-term damage to vital organs such as the eye, kidney, nerves, and heart [1]. The prevalence of diabetes has increased worldwide. E global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to be 9.3% in 2019, rising to 10.2% by 2030 and 10.9% by 2045 [2]. Diabetes has caused around 4.2 million deaths worldwide [3]. Treatment and management of diabetes include a healthy diet, physical exercise, medications to lower blood sugar levels, and insulin therapy [4]. Treatment of diabetes with insulin and other synthetic drugs is associated with various side effects. Treatment of diabetes with insulin and other synthetic drugs is associated with various side effects. erefore, searching for more effective and safer hypoglycemic drugs is still going on all over the world
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
