Evaluation of The Hepatoprotective Effect of Plantago major Extract in A Rifampicin-Isoniazid Induced Hepatitis Rat Model

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient human disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which affects the lungs, making pulmonary disease the most common presentation. Herbal medicine began to be developed as hepatoprotection. The hepatoprotection effects of Plantago major extract on serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), liver tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathological changes were evaluated in rifampicin and isoniazid-induced hepatitis rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Group I received 1 % PGA, with hepatitis induced in the remaining groups by rifampicin and isoniazid 50 mg/kg BW/day, group II was only given rifampicin and isoniazid, group III was given curcuma 10.8 mg/kg BW/day and groups IV (PM1), V (PM2), and VI (PM3) were given Plantago major extract at a dose of 20.3, 40.5, and 81 mg/kg BW/day, respectively. The rats were treated for 28 days. Administration of Plantago major extract (20.3 and 40.5 mg/kg BW/day) inhibited the elevation of serum SGPT and MDA levels, with less portal inflammation than the negative control group. The rats treated with the higher dose of 81 mg/kg BW/day had serum SGPT, MDA, and percentage portal inflammation equivalent to the negative control group. The Plantago major extract at a dose of 20.3 and 40.5 mg/kg BW can inhibit the elevated serum SGPT. Plantago major extract exerts dose-dependent hepatoprotection effects in a rifampicin-isoniazid induced hepatitis rat model by reducing elevated levels of SGPT, liver tissue MDA, as well as the percentage of portal inflammation. HIGHLIGHTS To the knowledge of the authors, there has been no comprehensive work dedicated to antituberculosis drugs The administration of Plantago major extract showed hepatoprotector effects, as evidenced by the inhibition of elevated levels of SGPT, MDA, and a lower percentage of portal inflammation than the negative controls Plantago major extract can be used as herbal medicine that can be juxtaposed with the main drug in TB patients GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT