Abstract
The first-order hyperpolarizabilities βs were determined by hyper-Rayleigh scattering in two homologous series of two-dimensional bent molecules with alkyl and alkoxy end chains. It was found that the β values of alkyl and alkoxy compounds are nearly the same and increase slightly with increasing chain length from ca. 10 ×10-30 esu to ca. 40 ×10-30 esu. Using the β value determined in the present study and the dihedral angle of the bent molecule, the tensor elements of β were also determined. The second-order nonlinear susceptibilities d33 and d31 were estimated and compared with an experimental result obtained by a bulk second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurement by Macdonald et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 4408]. This comparison leads to a conclusion that the high SHG activity in bent molecular liquid crystal systems is attributed to highly ordered molecules possessing high hyperpolarizability in smectic layers.
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