Evaluation of The Extract of Microalgae and Its Fatty Acids on Candida spp. Isolated from Renal Impairment Patients

Abstract

Background: Due to harmful microorganisms’ resistance to many antibiotics, alternative solutions are required to eradicate them. Method: Chlorella vulgaris and Oscillatoria limnetica, two species of microalgae, were isolated for this investigation from the surrounding aquatic environment. The hexane extract of these two algae was tested in vitro by using two activities: antifungal and antibiofilm, against two species of Candida (Candida albicans and Candida glabrata), which were clinically isolated from 100 renal impairment patients, and it was diagnosed by some biochemical test. Results: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis determined 15 clear bands from (3381.21- 671.23 cm-1) for Chlorella vulgaris, and 12 clear bands from (2960.73- 1261.45 cm-1) for Oscillatoria limnetica. The Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed important chemical compounds for both microalgae which: p-Xylene, Dihydrocoumarin, 4,4,5,7,8-pentamethyl, Butylated Hydroxytoluene, 1,4-Benzenediol, 2,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl), Eicosane, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, (E), 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, diethylhydroxylamine, Ethylbenzene, Benzaldehyde, 9,12,15- Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, Phytol, Methyl stearate. The results showed that crude hexane extract of Chlorella vulgaris was better than Oscillatoria limnetica as an antifungal, and the percent of antibiofilm was 79% with Chlorella vulgaris, while 77.7% with Oscillatoria limnetica. The rich fatty acids in Chlorella vulgaris have been partially purified from it and applied with two concentrations (10 and 100 mg/ml) as a good antifungal and antibiofilm with a percent of 81.667% for the two concentrations. Conclusion: With the global rise in antibiotic resistance, these algae have demonstrated their value as projects for alternative medicines