Abstract
The cocoa black pod disease is caused by a fungus Phytophthora sp, which comprises two main species (Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora megakarya) commonly found in Ivorian cocoa plots and which cause significant damage. Despite numerous studies, this disease continues to spread and even more so Phytophthora megakarya, which did not exist in Côte d'Ivoire, is beginning to spread significantly. This study focused on the evaluation of the epidemiological factors responsible for the progression of Phytophthora megakarya and Phytophthora palmivora in the Department of Méagui, southwestern Cote d'Ivoire. To this end, a prospective survey was conducted in three cocoa plots in Méagui, which collected epidemiological data on
Highlights
Cocoa tree is a perennial plant originating from the humid tropical forests of America
These results contradict those obtained by the study by Coulibaly et al (2013) which showed that P. palmivora was the most dominant specie and responsible for the cocoa black pods in southwestern Côte d'Ivoire
The result of the student t-test between prevalence and foliar coverage rate was highly significant (P=0.003˂0.05). This significant link shows that the development of black pod in cocoa pods is strongly influenced by the high vegetative cover of cocoa trees
Summary
Cocoa tree is a perennial plant originating from the humid tropical forests of America. It belongs to the Malvaceae family (Guyot, 1992), and to the genre Theobroma. Cocoa farming in Côte d'Ivoire accounts for 40% of exports and 15% of gross domestic product (ICCO 2015). This crop employs more than 1,000,000 farmers and supports more than 3,000,000 people in the secondary and tertiary sectors of the Ivorian economy. One of the most important diseases affecting cocoa farms in Côte d'Ivoire is black pod (Kébé et al 1996; Kébé 1999).
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