Abstract
The supply of food security of the society requires the stability of the water resources, that’s requiring the management of optimal water consumption. For this purpose, a research project was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and improvement of optimal water consumption in the gardens of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. After identifying micro-irrigation plans in the province, 16 plans were selected randomly in different climates and levels. The evaluation indexes were selected based on the instruction of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). Parameters of the absolute emission uniformity (EU), the statistical uniformity of Coefficient (Us), efficiency reduction factor (ERF), and flow rate coefficient of variations were obtained. The results indicated that 43.7 percent of the projects being studied had a very good statistical emission uniformity and 31.3 percent showed a Poor and average statistical emission uniformity and 25 percent of the projects had an unacceptable statistical emission uniformity. The flow rate non-uniformity of the droppers and the resulting low coefficients indicated the manipulation of the droppers. The average ERF is 0.717 in the selected projects, which is due to the non-supply of the pressure required in the irrigation systems. The dependence of the Farmers and agricultural operators on government’s aids is one of the main challenges and obstacles of the growth of agriculture and stable productivity in the region.
Highlights
Water is the axis of development and the alphabet of sustainable food security in different societies, especially in arid and semi-arid regions
The main problems of the drip irrigation systems in the northern Iran are related to the design, implementation and management issues; and emission uniformity (EU), efficiency reduction factor (ERF), potential application efficiency of low quarter (PELQ) and application efficiency of low quarter (AELQ) values have been 79, 90, 65 and 73%, respectively, showing the medium condition of the irrigation systems in the region [5]
The average indices of EU, ERF, PELQ and AELQ measured in the drip irrigation systems in the western Iran were equivalent to
Summary
Water is the axis of development and the alphabet of sustainable food security in different societies, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Due to the challenges caused of water scarcity, the agricultural sector needs to increase the efficiency and productivity of water consumption as much as possible. For this purpose, the development and optimal use of micro irrigation systems due to their high efficiency, are a logical, principled and sustainable solution worldwide. The drip irrigation systems are a suitable solution to irrigate and confront the water deficiency in arid and semi-arid regions, and the increase in the productivity in the micro-irrigation systems requires the application of special conditions of systems and following their technical and hydraulic issues accurately [3]. The average indices of EU, ERF, PELQ and AELQ measured in the drip irrigation systems in the western Iran were equivalent to
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