Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the level of technical efficiency of companies that perform the integrated management of basic sanitation in Brazilian municipalities. A Multiple Data Envelopment Analysis (M-DEA) model was applied to estimate the performance of water supply and sewage services in municipalities covering more than of the Brazilian population, identifying the factors that most influence the efficiency of the sector in the years 2008 and 2016. The M-DEA methodology is an extension of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with multiple DEA executions considering all combinations of inputs and outputs to calculate efficiency scores. The methodology reduces possible biases in the selection of resources and products of the model, ability to support decision-making in favor of improvements in the sector′s efficiency based on national regulatory framework. The analyses show that the companies analyzed can increase their operating results and attendance coverage by more than , given the current levels of infrastructure, human and financial resources in the sector. Based on the simulation of potential efficiency gains in Brazilian basic sanitation companies, the estimates show that the coverage of the population with access to sanitary sewage would go from the current to . The evidence found provides indications to subsidize sanitation management in the country at the micro-analytical level, enabling a better competitive position in the sector for the integrated management of basic sanitation and its universalization in Brazil.
Highlights
Access to treated water and adequate sanitary facilities are the basis of all sanitation infrastructure compatible with environmental sustainability and human rights [1,2,3]
It is worth noting that the production function for the efficiency frontier was built based year, to measure the technical efficiency (TE) of the basic sanitation units using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Multiple Data Envelopment Analysis (M-DEA)
This article evaluated the efficiency in water supply and sanitation of companies that perform the integrated management of these services in Brazilian municipalities
Summary
Access to treated water and adequate sanitary facilities are the basis of all sanitation infrastructure compatible with environmental sustainability and human rights [1,2,3]. The developed countries that are part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) show a trend close to universalization of sanitation coverage, in which 4.2% of the population has no access to treated water and only 11.5% has no sewage system [5]. World Bank [6] highlight the strategic importance of the basic sanitation sector for human health and sustainable development as part of a recent global effort to universalize coverage by 2030. This study uses the M-DEA approach to calculate the efficiency index of the basic sanitation study uses theextension. M-DEA approach to calculate the model efficiency index of the the basic sanitation sectorThis in Brazil. It is an of the conventional combined with formulation sector in by Brazil. DMU performance and for of institutions and companies, we can mention: does not require the determination of guiding functional decisions strategic companies, we canmodeling); mention: it itis not doesrestricted not require the relationships betweeninstitutions inputs and and outputs (nonparametric to single determination of functional relationships betweenitinputs (nonparametric modeling); and singular measures of inputs and products; allowsand theoutputs use of discretionary variables withit not restricted to perspective; single and singular of inputs and products;ofit aallows the use aismultidimensional it definesmeasures relative competitive positioning set of DMU in of a discretionary variables a multidimensional perspective; it defines relative competitive synthetic way in a singlewith indicator
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