Abstract
Background: Diazinon is the globally used organophosphorus compound to which humans are exposed through contamination of food and water. Flavonoids in Morus nigra exhibit a wide range of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-radiation properties and have a protective action against oxidative damage and hepatoprotective effects. The study's objective was to evaluate the effects of black mulberry (Morus nigra) extract against diazinon-induced hepatotoxicity in albino Wistar rats.
 Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted from August 2019 to January 2020 at the Department of Pathology, Isra University, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Under standard colony conditions, thirty-six healthy male albino Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 300 grams were randomly divided equally into three groups: Group-1 (Control), Group-2 (given 60 mg/kg Diazinon daily for 4 weeks), Group-3 (administered Diazinon 60 mg/kg with 500 mg/kg of Morus nigra extract daily for 4 weeks through orogastric intubation). Hepatic tissue of all groups was observed under the light microscope. At the same time, hepatic serum markers were also analyzed.
 Results: A statistically significant decline in the bodyweight and rise in absolute liver weight of group-3 compared with groups-1 and group-2 (p<0.05). Co-administration of Morus nigra significantly lowered serum AST ad ALT levels. Significant histopathological derangement was observed in group-2 hepatic tissues while group-3 rats hepatic tissues had minimal changes and near-normal hepatic parenchyma.
 Conclusion: Morus nigra leaf extract has hepatoprotective effects against Diazinon-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino Wistar rats.
Highlights
Insecticide poisoning is one of the challenging problems that is affecting over a million people worldwide while killing around 100,000 each year[1,2]
The injurious effects of pesticides like Diazinonis well have been acknowledged as a serious public health concern during the past decades
Our study revealed histopathological alterations by Diazinon in the liver tissue
Summary
Insecticide poisoning is one of the challenging problems that is affecting over a million people worldwide while killing around 100,000 each year[1,2]. Diazinon is the widely used organophosphorus compound to which humans are exposed through contamination of food and water[4]. Diazinon is used for controlling flies around the animal amenities, public places where food wastes or animal excreta accumulated, and greenhouses. It acts by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and activates cholinergic, muscarinic, and nicotinic receptors[5]. Diazinon is the globally used organophosphorus compound to which humans are exposed through contamination of food and water. The study's objective was to evaluate the effects of black mulberry (Morus nigra) extract against diazinon-induced hepatotoxicity in albino Wistar rats. Conclusion: Morus nigra leaf extract has hepatoprotective effects against Diazinon-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino Wistar rats
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