Abstract
This paper addresses the assessment of woody biomass resources in Russia and the Baikal region. The analysis of the literature demonstrates that the Baikal region has considerable amounts of waste from the logging, timber processing, and pulp and paper industries (up to 220 PJ). A review of utilization technologies for woody biomass demonstrates that the existing technologies based on biomass gasification are promising for energy purposes. The gasification of biomass for small-capacity power plants has some advantages compared to its combustion. This paper considers an autonomous power system that consists of photovoltaic converters, wind turbines, storage batteries, a biomass gasification power plant, and a diesel power plant. A mathematical model used to optimize the system’s structure finds the minimum of the total discounted costs for the creation and operation of the system with some constraints met. Based on mathematical modeling, the cost-effectiveness of such a power supply system is assessed for different climatic zones of the Baikal region and the coastal area of Lake Baikal. The findings indicate that the optimal solution is the integration of various renewable energy sources in hybrid power systems. The proportion of energy sources of different types in the installed capacities is found. The study demonstrates that the optimal structure of the power system can provide significant savings (the total discounted costs are reduced by almost 2.5 times compared to the option using a diesel power plant alone).
Highlights
The energy industry that fulfills the principles of sustainable development requires the minimization of emissions of pollutants generated by burning fossil fuels, including greenhouse gas emissions that negatively affect the climate
In addition to [9,10] that compared gasification power plants with fossil fuelfired energy sources, this study focuses on their comparison with wind and solar power plants, including hybrid energy systems, which consist of renewable energy sources of different types
Sci. 2022, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW The calculation results for the optimal structure of the power supply sy1s4teomf 2f1or different climatic zones, taking into account the above-described differences in the prices of wood fuel and the characteristics of wind and solar radiation, are shown in Table 6 and FigTuhreesr4esaunldts5o.btained provide evidence on the feasibility of photovoltaic cells (PV) only in the southern areas of the Baikal regionl,satrnudctGurPePosf athnedpWowTesr psurpopvleyfseyasstiebmlefoinr dailflfecrleimntactliicmzaotincezso.nTehs.e share of
Summary
The energy industry that fulfills the principles of sustainable development requires the minimization of emissions of pollutants generated by burning fossil fuels, including greenhouse gas emissions that negatively affect the climate. Among RESs, solar and wind energy sources are developing at the fastest pace [1]. Their key feature is the random (stochastic) nature of power generation that depends on variable weather conditions. In this regard, they require either their capacity to be backed up by other energy sources or the use of energy storage units (batteries). An important renewable energy source is woody biomass, the burning of which, first, recycles waste from the forest and wood processing industry and, second, does not change the balance of CO2 in the atmosphere [6,7]
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