Abstract
BackgroundVector-borne diseases are a major burden to public health. Controlling mosquitoes is considered the most effective way to prevent vector-borne disease transmission. Mosquito surveillance is a core component of integrated vector management, as surveillance programs are often the cornerstone for the development of mosquito control operations. Two traps are the most commonly used for the surveillance of adult mosquitoes: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention miniature light trap (CDC light trap) and BG-Sentinel trap (BioGents, Regensburg, Germany). However, despite the importance of the BG-Sentinel trap in surveillance programs in the United States, especially in the Southern states, its effectiveness in consistently and reliably collecting mosquitoes in rural and natural areas is still unknown. We hypothesized that BG-Sentinel and CDC light traps would be more attractive to specific mosquito species present in rural and natural areas. Therefore, our objective was to compare the relative abundance, species richness, and community composition of mosquitoes collected in natural and rural areas by BG-Sentinel and CDC light traps.MethodsMosquitoes were collected from October 2020 to March 2021 using BG-Sentinel and CDC light traps baited with dry ice, totaling 105 trap-nights.ResultsThe BG-Sentinel traps collected 195,115 mosquitoes comprising 23 species from eight genera, and the CDC light traps collected 188,594 mosquitoes comprising 23 species from eight genera. The results from the permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and generalized estimating equation model for repeated measures indicate the BG-Sentinel and CDC light traps had similar sampling power.ConclusionEven though BG-Sentinel traps had a slightly better performance, the difference was not statistically significant indicating that both traps are suitable to be used in mosquito surveillance in rural and natural areas.Graphical
Highlights
Vector-borne diseases are a major burden to public health
Even though BG-Sentinel traps had a slightly better performance, the difference was not statistically significant indicating that both traps are suitable to be used in mosquito surveillance in rural and natural areas
Coquillettidia perturbans, and Culex quinquefasciatus were only collected by the BG-Sentinel traps, whereas Aedeomyia squamipennis, Aedes condolescens, and Wyeomyia mitchelli were only collected by the CDC light traps
Summary
Controlling mosquitoes is considered the most effective way to prevent vector-borne disease transmission. Despite the importance of the BG-Sentinel trap in surveillance programs in the United States, especially in the Southern states, its effectiveness in consistently and reliably collecting mosquitoes in rural and natural areas is still unknown. Our objective was to compare the relative abundance, species richness, and community composition of mosquitoes collected in natural and rural areas by BG-Sentinel and CDC light traps. The availability of effective drugs and vaccines is limited to a few pathogens and has reduced effectiveness in decreasing the prevalence and incidence of vector-borne pathogens [13,14,15,16] In this context, controlling mosquitoes is widely accepted as the most effective way to prevent vector-borne pathogen transmission to humans and animals [17,18,19]. Many mosquito vector species are responsible for transmitting different arboviruses and other pathogens, and the timely and precise detection of mosquito vector species in a given area is key for the development of targeted and effective control strategies [20]
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