Evaluation of The Effectiveness of Beach Side Vegetation to Control Wind velocity in Jaya Ancol Dreamland, North Jakarta

Abstract

In some resorts established in the coastal areas sea breeze strongly affects human comforts. Vegetation as a wind barrier is used to modify beachside microclimate comfort by controlling, reducing, or redirecting wind. They usually consist of trees and shrubs, but may include perennial or annual plants and fences. Taman Impian Jaya Ancol (Jaya Ancol Dreamland) is one of the most prominent public open spaces in Jakarta that connected directly to Java North Beach. This research evaluated how much of Ancol Beach vegetation helps to increase the community’s comforts. This research was limited to measuring the effectiveness of vegetation wind barriers in controls wind velocity. This research observed four vegetation plot types 1 control plot (bare land), and three vegetation wind barrier plots (one with homogenous vegetation and two with heterogeneous vegetation). Wind velocity was measured at a distance of 0, 10, 20, and 30 m from the edge of the beach and approximately 1,5-2 meters in height. Effectiveness of wind barriers to reduce wind velocity was calculated as the decreased of wind velocity between 30 m and 0 m. The leaf area index (LAI) and plant diversity were also observed. The result of this research showed that wind velocity under vegetation was always lower than the wind velocity in the control plot. Wind barrier type heterogeneous 1 was more effective in controlling wind velocity than other types. This type had the highest species diversity score (H=1.89) and the highest LAI (1.334) and has reduced wind velocity around 81,8%. Other wind barrier types were less efficient and have reduces wind velocity by a smaller percentage. The heterogeneous barrier type 2 for 45% the homogenous for around 35,5% and bare by 29.4%.