Evaluation of the Effect of Resveratrol on Hippocampus in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

Aim: Many antioxidant compounds have been tried to prevent traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the therapeutic effect of Resveratrol in the hippocampus in TBI by histopathologic and immunologic evaluation.
 Study Design: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into Control, TBI, TBI+Resveratrol (20 mg/kg/day, oral) groups. Rats were subjected to traumatic brain injury by dropping the weight from a height with a 50 g/1m weight-height impact device. All rats were decapitated 14 days after trauma induction and the protective effects of Resveratrol were evaluated by histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses.
 Result: In the TBI group, degeneration of cells, dilatation of vessels and apoptosis due to traumatic inflammation were observed in the alveus and pyramidal layer. In the plexiform layer, synaptic degeneration was present in nerve extensions. In TBI+Resveratrol group, vascular dilatation was decreased and axonal extensions were normal, hyperplasia was observed in pyramidal neurons. S100 expression was positive in pyramidal neurons, glial cells and vascular endothelium. In the Resveratrol treated group, negative expression was observed in membranes, pyramidal neurons and positive s100 expression was observed in plexiform layer and axons.
 Conclusion: We suggest that after TBI, Resveratrol treatment alleviates cerebral tissue pathology and can be demonstrated by s100 expression in neuronal regeneration.
 Keywords: Traumatic brain injury, hippocampus, s100, Resveratrol, immunohistochemistry